A Patient-Specific 3D Printed Carotid Artery Model Integrating Vascular Structure, Flow, and Endothelium Responses

Catano, J.A., Ong, L.J.Y., Yuan, M., Qu, Y., Benitez, J., Yarlagadda, P.K., Toh, Y.-C., Li, Z. Advanced Healthcare Materials DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202502478

Abstract: The progression of atherosclerosis is driven by the interplay between vascular anatomy, hemodynamic forces, and endothelial responses. However, existing in vitro vascular models have yet to integrate all these elements into a cohesive, patient-specific system. Here, This study presents the first instance of direct 3D printing of a miniaturized, patient-specific carotid artery model that recapitulates anatomical-dependent hemodynamic changes and vascular cell remodeling.